About Kumana National Park
Kumana National Park, located in the Ampara District of Sri Lanka, offers a raw and untamed experience for wildlife enthusiasts. Established in 1970 as Yala East National Park and renamed in 2006, it spans over 35,664 hectares (88,130 acres) of diverse landscapes, including dry zone rainforests, thorn forests, and numerous water bodies. This park is a sanctuary for a wide array of wildlife, making it a prime destination for those seeking an authentic encounter with nature.
Unique Features of Kumana National Park
Kumana is renowned for its rich biodiversity, particularly its birdlife. The park is home to over 255 bird species, including the rare Black-necked Stork, which finds its primary breeding ground here. The Kumana Bird Sanctuary, part of the park since 1938, serves as a crucial breeding and migratory stop for thousands of birds from April to July.
While birds are a major draw, the park also hosts a variety of mammals, such as elephants, deer, and wild boar. Though sightings of leopards and other elusive mammals are rare, the park’s diverse fauna offers plenty of opportunities for wildlife observation. Reptiles like the mugger crocodile and various turtle species are commonly seen near the park’s water bodies.
Adding to its allure, Kumana National Park is steeped in history and culture. The annual Hindu pilgrimage, Pada Yatra, passes through the park, and ancient cave drawings by the indigenous Veddas can be found here, depicting scenes of hunters and elephants.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to visit Kumana National Park is during the dry season from April to July. During this period, wildlife congregates around the remaining water sources, enhancing the chances of sightings. Birdwatchers will find May and June particularly rewarding, as these months coincide with the nesting season, offering a glimpse into the life cycles of various bird species.
Be aware that the park is in Sri Lanka’s dry zone, but heavy rainfall can occur during the southwest monsoon from May to September. The average temperature hovers around 33°C (92°F) with moderate humidity.
Getting to Kumana National Park
By Air
The nearest international gateway is Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo. From there, travelers can fly to Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport, the closest airport to the park. A taxi or bus can then take you to the park.
By Road
For those preferring a road trip, Kumana is approximately 363 km from Colombo. The journey can take 7¾ to 8½ hours, depending on the route and traffic. Hiring a private car or using a reputable taxi service is recommended for comfort.
Local Transportation
Once at the park, guided safari tours are the best way to explore. Safari jeeps, equipped for the rugged terrain, come with knowledgeable guides who ensure a safe and informative experience. Walking is not an option due to the park’s vastness and wildlife presence.
Additional Tips
- Prepare for a bumpy ride on the 16 km entrance road.
- Safari trucks with fold-down windshields are ideal for photography.
- Fewer visitors mean less crowded safaris, but also fewer amenities.
- Respect the park’s rules and only exit vehicles under guide supervision.
