Pikillaqta: Exploring an Ancient Wari Site in Peru
History and Significance
Pikillaqta, translating to “Flea City” in Quechua, is a significant archaeological site that dates back to around A.D. 650. It was constructed by the Wari civilization, a pre-Incan culture known for its advanced urban planning and engineering. The site spans approximately 25 hectares (250,000 square meters) and served as a fortified complex in the Cusco Valley. Pikillaqta was likely a center for administrative rituals and religious practices, featuring a large central plaza for gatherings and ceremonies.
Exploring Pikillaqta
Located 3,200 meters above sea level in the Lucre Basin, Pikillaqta offers a unique glimpse into the Wari civilization. The site is divided into various sectors, including residential areas, ceremonial spaces, and agricultural terraces. As you explore, you’ll encounter the remains of intricate canal systems and terraces that highlight the Wari’s sophisticated agricultural techniques.
Key Features
- Main Plaza: This central area was likely the heart of social and religious activities, where large feasts and ceremonies took place.
- Residential Structures: Wander through the remnants of homes that provide insight into the daily lives of the Wari people.
- Ceremonial Halls: These structures, once adorned with sacred objects, played a crucial role in Wari religious practices.
- Agricultural Terraces: Discover the innovative farming techniques, supported by an extensive hydraulic network, that sustained the Wari community.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to visit Pikillaqta is during the dry season, from May to September, when the weather is more predictable and the site is easier to navigate. The climate is generally cold and arid, with temperatures ranging from freezing in colder months to around 60 degrees Fahrenheit in warmer months. Avoid the rainy season, as the site can become muddy and challenging to explore.
How to Get There
Pikillaqta is situated near Cusco, Peru. To reach Cusco, you can fly from major cities worldwide. From Cusco, Pikillaqta is approximately 30 kilometers away and can be accessed by hiring a taxi or taking a local bus. The journey offers scenic views of the surrounding landscape, characterized by grassy hills mixed with rock and sand.
Local Transportation
Once at Pikillaqta, the best way to explore is on foot. The site prohibits vehicles, ensuring a peaceful and immersive experience. Wear comfortable shoes, as you’ll cover a significant distance while navigating the expansive grounds.
Summary of Facts
- Pikillaqta is an ancient Wari archaeological site in Peru, dating back to around A.D. 650.
- The site covers 25 hectares and features a fortified complex with a central plaza.
- Key features include the Main Plaza, residential structures, ceremonial halls, and agricultural terraces.
- The best time to visit is during the dry season (May-September).
- Pikillaqta is located near Cusco and can be reached by taxi or local bus.
- Exploration is done on foot, as vehicles are not allowed within the complex.
